来源:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/h7YadcziiykD44eRrdtpKQ
前言
- 本篇选自 BBC Future专栏,原文用词精巧、生动地道,兼具故事性与专业性;
- 译文由 GPT‑5.1 大模型直接生成,
- 未做任何人工润色或改写;
- 本文旨在展示当下 AI 在长篇英中翻译上的实际效果,供参考评估。希望大家不鼓吹,也不要妄自菲薄。如有理解偏差与疏漏,欢迎指正,以便更客观评估模型表现。
How I changed my personality in six weeks
六个星期,我把自己的性格「调教」了一遍
When I noticed a recurring itch in my hand a few months ago, I immediately remembered an article I’d once read about people with mysterious itches so maddening they scratch and claw until they tear through their own flesh – sometimes disabling or even killing themselves in the process. I thought, panicked, “that’s probably about to happen to me”.
几个月前,我发现自己手上老是反复发痒,立刻想起以前读过的一篇文章:有些人会莫名其妙地痒得发疯,把自己的皮肤都挠破,甚至因此落下残疾,或者直接丢了性命。我当时一下子就慌了,心想:“大概我也快变成那样了。”
- AI连“老是”都会用了,我的老天。
- “痒得发疯”“挠破皮肤”,情绪和画面都蹦出来了,有代入感。
- 把“disabling or even killing”译成“落下残疾、直接丢了性命”,语气递进自然,有冲击力。
- 句末的内心独白保留了第一人称的惊慌感,比生硬直译更口语化。
- 句式长短交替,既没有翻译腔,又节奏顺畅,朗朗上口,符合中文阅读习惯。
I experience similar episodes on a semi-regular basis. So it wasn’t entirely surprising when I scored higher than 85% of people on neuroticism in a personality test I took online. I’ve been neurotic since my teen years, when I suffered my first panic attack. It is dimming with age, thanks, I believe, to my own piecemeal interventions: reducing self-criticism, trying not to agonise over every social interaction and the multifarious ways in which I surely humiliated myself, and so on.
像这样的情形,我隔三岔五就会经历一次。所以,当我在网上做了一个人格测试,发现自己的神经质水平超过了 85% 的人时,其实并不怎么意外。从十几岁第一次经历恐慌发作以来,我就一直挺神经过敏的。好在随着年纪增长,这种情况似乎在慢慢减轻——我觉得这多少要归功于自己一点点摸索出来的办法:少些自我苛责,尽量不再对每一次社交互动反复咀嚼、纠结自己肯定又是怎么出丑了,诸如此类。
- 如果让你翻译第一句,你会不会纠结“哪怕一下下”?
- “隔三岔五”精炼传达 semi‑regular,生活化又不夸张。
- “挺神经过敏的”,这真的不是人翻的?把 neurotic 日常化,避免“神经质”反复显得太学术。
- 对“rumination”用“反复咀嚼、纠结自己怎么出丑”具体化,非常贴近真实的心理活动。
Then my editor offered me an intriguing assignment: would I like to try tweaking some aspects of my personality, drawing on emerging research from the field of personality change? (Given we’ve never met face to face, I didn’t take this personally.)
后来,编辑给了我一个挺有意思的选题:要不要试着按照最新的人格改变研究成果,有意识地调整一下自己性格里的某些方面?(考虑到我们从没见过面,我也没往“影射我性格不好”那方面想。)
- “挺有意思的选题”一听就是媒体人说话方式,语境感很强。
- 译文没有亦步亦趋,把assignment照字译字翻译为“作业”。
- 用“有意识地调整一下”完整承接“tweaking”和研究背景,比“改变”更准确。
- 括号里把“didn’t take this personally”意译成“没往影射我性格不好想”,补充、垫词,你说说,AI是不是很幽默?
The psychological model for personality with the most scientific backing is the “Big Five”, which breaks it down into five dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. Each is further subdivided into traits, so neuroticism, for example, includes excessive worrying, rumination and emotional instability; extraversion includes assertiveness and gregariousness.
目前科学界最被广泛采用的人格模型是“五大人格”,把人格分成五个维度:开放性、尽责性(责任心)、外向性、宜人性(随和程度)和神经质。每个维度下面还有更细的特质。例如,神经质包括过度担忧、反复思索(反刍)和情绪不稳定;外向性则包括自信、健谈、善于社交等。
- “科学界最被广泛采用的的人格模型是”,调整了主语和句式,用中文常见的叙述方式娓娓道来,传达“with the most scientific backing”的含义,既不生硬又保留其权威感。
- 在“尽责性”“宜人性”后加括号解释,兼顾专业读者和小白,AI主动加括号解释,这进化程度!
- 对“assertiveness and gregariousness”用“自信、健谈、善于社交”分拆解释,易于理解。
- “反复思索(反刍)”保留术语的同时,还提供了通俗译法。
Psychologists once assumed personality was pretty intractable. “Some of my colleagues back in the 80s argued it was fixed by the age of 30 and things like that,” says Brent Roberts, a professor of psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the US and one of the most influential personality researchers. “A lot of research has emerged in the last three decades that has moderated that position.”
心理学家曾经普遍认为人格基本难以改变。美国伊利诺伊大学香槟分校的心理学教授、人格研究领域的权威布伦特·罗伯茨说:“我在 80 年代的一些同行甚至认为,人格 30 岁之前就定型了。”但过去三十年间大量研究,让这种看法不得不被修正。
- 把“pretty intractable”译成“基本难以改变”,正说反译,反说正译,AI也玩明白了。
- 增补“人格研究领域的权威”,比机械翻“最有影响力”更自然,词性转换,顺手拈来。
- it进行了指代还原,把“fixed”译成“定型”,处理得很自然。
- 末句“不得不被修正”强调了证据的作用,有“被现实打脸”的意味。
- 去掉多余枝节名字解释,信息够用又不拖沓。
Psychologists have found that people tend to become less neurotic and more conscientious and agreeable over the course of a lifetime. Researchers now think these changes “result from both biological maturation and the accumulation of life experiences that encourage grown-up responsibilities”, says Mirjam Stieger, a researcher in personality change at Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts in Switzerland.
心理学研究发现,人们一生当中整体趋向于变得不那么神经质,更加尽责、也更友善。瑞士卢塞恩应用科技与艺术大学的人格改变研究者米尔雅姆·施蒂格尔认为,这些变化“既来源于生物学上的成熟,也来源于不断累积的人生经历,这些经历推动我们承担越来越多成年人的责任”。
- 用“整体趋向于”体现趋势而非绝对,严谨度在线。
- 把“agreeable”译为“友善”而非只用术语“宜人”,语感更自然。
- “生物学上的成熟”和“人生经历的累积”,措辞朗朗上口,逻辑很清晰。
In recent years, psychologists have carried out more studies on personality change, and newer research indicates we can expedite this effect through conscious choices. A growing number of studies suggest that with targeted interventions, we can achieve the degree of personality change typically seen over a lifetime in just a few months. For my own experiment, I only had six weeks.
近几年,心理学家开始做更多关于主动改变态度与行为的人格研究,最新结果显示:通过有意识的选择,我们可以加速这种本来需要一生才慢慢产生的变化。一些研究甚至表明,只要进行针对性的干预,几个月内就能达到通常要几十年才积累出的变化幅度。而我这次的小实验,只有六个星期。
- 把抽象的“personality change”拆成“态度与行为”,让读者知道可落地之处。
- “本来需要一生才慢慢产生的变化”很好表达 lifelong 的时间跨度。
- “几十年才积累出的变化幅度”更具画面感,比“lifetime”直译更震撼。
- “这次的小实验,只有六个星期”自然带入作者视角,有故事推进感。
My first port of call was an online personality test to assess where I currently scored on the Big Five. It turns out that in addition to sky-high neuroticism, I’m also very “open”, scoring in the 93rd percentile (meaning I’m more open than 93% of people). Openness indicates receptivity to new experiences and ideas, so I took this to be generally positive. My conscientiousness was also very high – little surprise since I was an inveterate striver at school and still exhibit an unfortunate tendency towards perfectionism.
我做的第一步,是在网上完成一份人格测试,看看自己在“大五人格”的各维度上目前处在什么水平。结果显示,除了神经质高得离谱之外,我的“开放性”也非常高,达到了第 93 个百分位(也就是比 93% 的人更开放)。开放性意味着对新经验、新想法的接受度高,我于是把它理解为一个总体上还不错的特点。我的尽责性同样非常高——这并不奇怪,从学生时代起,我就是那种拼命三郎型的人,如今依旧有点完美主义上身。
- “我做的第一步”将“first port of call”自然化为行动步骤。
- “高得离谱”精准传达 sky‑high 的夸张感,也带点自嘲。
- “拼命三郎型”“完美主义上身”,很地道。
My agreeableness wasn’t bad, but it wasn’t great. High scorers in agreeableness tend to be considerate, cooperative, trusting and well-liked. I scored in the 50th percentile. There were a few questions I wish I could’ve answered differently, but I wasn’t quite there yet. I begrudgingly agreed that I was generally “suspicious of others’ intentions'” and disagreed that I have “a forgiving nature”.
我的宜人性(随和程度)不算差,但谈不上好。宜人性高的人通常体贴、合作、信任别人,也更讨人喜欢,而我只在第 50 个百分位。有些题我确实希望自己能选另一个答案,可惜我实在还做不到。比如,我只好不情不愿地承认自己“通常会怀疑别人的动机”,又不得不否认自己“心地宽厚、容易原谅他人”。
- “不算差,但谈不上好”两头都沾,微妙心态拿捏到位。
- “希望自己能选另一个答案,可惜还做不到”体现诚实与理想落差,很有人味。
- “不情不愿地承认”“不得不否认”都保留了自嘲式挣扎感。
- 整段淡淡的幽默既解压,又不削弱自我剖析的真诚。
My neuroticism might be the worst thing about my personality, but it’s far from the only thing I’d change. Like many bookish introverts, I grew up menaced by the idealised image of the extraverted social butterfly, flapping its giant wings obnoxiously near my fragile self-esteem. At one point I thought I might eventually become one, but long ago acquiesced to the knowledge that this would never be.
我的神经质可能是我身上最糟糕的一点,但绝不是我唯一想改变的地方。跟许多爱读书的内向者一样,我从小就被一种理想化的“外向社交达人”形象压得透不过气:那种社交蝴蝶在一旁挥舞着巨大翅膀,声势浩大,几乎要把我脆弱的自尊心给扇碎。有那么一段时间,我还以为自己可能迟早也会变成那样的人,但后来早就认命,知道自己这辈子都不会是那种类型。
- “压得透不过气”,处理menaced by极好。
- “社交蝴蝶”“扇碎自尊心”直译原文隐喻,很有冲击力。
- “爱读书的内向者”有些拖沓,可以用“内向的读书人”,更符合中文行文。
- “认命”“这辈子都不会”这类词很本土化,着实不错。
Even so, a little more extraversion couldn’t hurt – especially given that I recently moved to a new city where my partner and I don’t know anyone and are keen to make friends.
即便如此,多一点外向性总不是什么坏事——尤其是我刚搬到一座新城市,和伴侣在这里谁也不认识,还挺想多交些朋友。
- “总不是什么坏事”语气软,既承认不足又不过度贬低自己。
- 在信息顺序上先“新城市”再“谁也不认识”,符合中文叙事习惯。
- “还挺想多交些朋友”保留轻松语气,让动机听起来真诚而不焦虑。
Typically, people want to become more extraverted and conscientious, while being less neurotic. I wanted to become a little more extraverted, much less neurotic and a little less conscientious insofar as it pertains to perfectionism. I also wanted to become more agreeable, because I think a lack of trust in others is one of the things that sustains my neuroticism. Conversely, a lot of people say they want to become less agreeable because they associate the quality with being a pushover, says Roberts. (It’s true that less agreeable people tend to earn more money).
一般来说,大多数人都希望自己变得更外向、更尽责、少一点神经质。我也希望自己稍微外向些,神经质大大降低,同时在“完美主义”这一块儿稍微没那么尽责一点。我还想让自己更随和,因为我觉得自己对他人的不信任,是持续推动我神经质的一个关键因素。相反,罗伯茨说,很多人反而希望自己“少一点宜人性”,因为他们把“太随和”和“好说话、没主见、容易被人利用”联系在一起。(确实,研究发现不那么随和的人往往赚得更多。)
- “神经质大大降低”听起来更结果导向,这里处理的不好,可参考改为“不那么神经兮兮”。
- “这一块儿稍微没那么尽责一点”巧妙表现“想摆脱完美主义”的微调心态。
- “好说话、没主见、容易被人利用”,把“pushover”拆开讲,很接地气。
Studies show that socially desirable changes to our personalities could transform our lives for the better. Lower neuroticism and higher extraversion in particular are linked to higher life satisfaction. But how to go about it?
研究表明,那些被视为“更理想”的人格变化,确实有可能让生活变得更好,尤其是更低的神经质和更高的外向性,与更高的生活满意度有着明显关联。问题是:我们该怎么做,才能促成这些变化呢?
- “更低的神经质和更高的外向性”,处理的不好,可适当垫词,改为“情绪更稳定、为人更外向”,更符合中文行文习惯。
A 2019 study led by personality psychologist Nathan Hudson from Southern Methodist University in Texas looked at whether an active intervention could shift target traits over time. The researchers asked student participants to pick aspects of their personalities they’d like to change and then complete weekly challenges “that would pull their thoughts, feelings and behaviours in line with their desired traits”.
2019 年,南卫理公会大学的个性心理学家内森·哈德森主导了一项研究,考察有计划的干预是否能在一段时间内改变目标人格特质。研究中,研究者让学生参与者选出自己最想改变的人格方面,然后每周完成一些挑战任务,“把他们的想法、感受和行为往他们期望的特质方向拉一拉”。
- 用“有计划的干预”翻 active intervention,既通俗又保留主动性。
- “拉一拉”特别口语,但语义准确地再现了“pull … in line with”。
At the end of 15 weeks, the results indicated the students were able to affect small but statistically significant changes in their desired traits including extraversion, conscientiousness and neuroticism, but not openness or agreeableness. Those who completed more challenges underwent the greatest transformation.
15 周结束时,结果显示,学生们在自己希望改变的特质上,确实出现了小而统计学上显著的变化,包括外向性、尽责性和神经质,但对开放性和宜人性几乎没有影响。完成挑战任务越多改变越明显。
- “小而统计学上显著”,过于翻译腔,可改为“虽不算很大,但在统计上已经可以确定存在的变化”,更符合中文行文;
- “宜人性”仍然延续前文的译法,需要整体优化,这一点上AI译文有待提高。
Stieger conducted a similar intervention supported by a smartphone app in 2021, which also produced desired changes in extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism and agreeableness, but not openness. The alterations persisted at a three-month check in.
施蒂格尔在 2021 年进行了一项类似干预,不过是通过手机 App 来辅助。结果同样显示:外向性、尽责性、神经质和宜人性都出现了向期望方向的改变,而开放性依然没什么动静。这些变化在三个月后的复测中仍然存在。
- “不过是通过手机 App 来辅助”简洁表达技术手段,也贴近读者日常。
- “向期望方向的改变”自然翻出 desired changes 的指向性。
- “依然没什么动静”带一点俏皮,降低干巴巴学术口吻。
- “复测”正确对应 follow‑up,专业又不绕口。
- 通过“同样显示”“仍然存在”强化了结果的稳定性和可重复性。
From Hudson’s paper, I cribbed a set of activities to encourage change in each of my target personality dimensions. Here’s a sampling from all of them:
我从哈德森的论文中“抄作业”,选出一整套针对我这些目标人格维度的练习活动,大致包括:
- “抄作业”,巧译cribbed,读起来更亲近,比“借鉴”更有故事感和画面感。
- “一整套…练习活动”概括了系统性和可操作性,利于读者模仿。
- “目标人格维度”保留学术说法,让严肃性不丢。
- “大致包括”自然引出列表,阅读节奏由叙事切换到清单。
• Decreasing neuroticism: Start to meditate daily, write a regular gratitude journal, try to counter a negative thought with a positive one – or merely write the thought down and how it makes you feel.
• 降低神经质:开始每天冥想,写感恩日记,尝试用一个积极想法来对冲一个消极念头——或者至少把这个消极想法记下来,并写下它让你有什么感受。
- 小标题用粗体,非常利于扫读和归类。
- “对冲一个消极念头”借用金融词,形象传达“以正对负”的操作。
• Increasing extraversion: Go to events to meet new people, say hello to a cashier at a shop, open up and honestly tell a friend how your life’s going right now.
• 提升外向性:去一些能认识新朋友的活动,主动跟超市收银员打招呼,坦诚地向朋友描述你最近的生活状况。
- “主动跟超市收银员打招呼”是非常中国日常场景,接地气。
- “坦诚地向朋友描述你最近的生活状况”完整还原“open up”的情感打开。
• Increasing agreeableness: Do a small kindness to someone close to you, when you intend to say something mean about someone say something positive instead, if someone does something irritating come up with three external factors that might explain their behaviour (e.g. “they were having a bad day”) rather than internal factors (e.g. “they’re a bad person”).
• 提升宜人性:对身边亲近的人做一件小小的善举;当你正要说别人坏话时,改为说一句好话;如果有人做了让你恼火的事,试着想出三个“外在原因”来解释他们的行为(比如“他今天肯定很倒霉”),而不是立刻归因到他们的性格(比如“他就是个坏人”)。
- “小小的善举”语气柔和,降低“做好事”的心理负担。
- “正要说别人坏话时,改为说一句好话”非常口语,实践难度清晰可感。
- “他今天肯定很倒霉”是非常中文式的好心推测,很贴近日常对话。
• Increasing conscientiousness: Pay a bill as soon as you receive it, organise and clean up your desk, spend 30 minutes writing down a list of your short term and long-term goals.
• 提升尽责性:账单一到就立刻支付,整理并清理你的书桌,用 30 分钟写下你的短期和长期目标清单。
- “账单一到就立刻支付”是高度具象的行为指令,避免空谈“自律”。
- “整理并清理你的书桌”行动感很强,读者有立刻想去做的冲动。
- “短期和长期目标清单”完整对应 short‑term / long‑term,没有偷懒省略。
- 句式工整,三个动作结构一致,利于记忆。
• Increasing openness: Read a news story about a foreign country, go to a poetry reading, visit a museum or gallery.
• 提升开放性:读一篇关于某个外国的新闻,去听一场诗歌朗诵会,参观一个博物馆或画廊。
The interventions rely on a mixture of adapting thought patterns and attitudes and testing out new behaviours. The overarching logic is, if you want to become somebody different, start thinking and acting like them. Put another way: fake it until you make it.
这些干预一方面在调整思维模式和态度,一方面促使你去尝试新的行为。其背后的逻辑是:如果你想成为另一个样子的人,那就先按那个人的方式去思考和行动。换句话说:“装着装着,你就成了那样的人。”
- 用“一方面…一方面…”巧译a mixture of,处理得很好。
- overarching没有字对字译为“包罗万象的、支配一切的”,而是用“背后的”,轻轻的带过,语义确很精准。
- “装着装着,你就成了那样的人”是对“fake it until you make it”极精彩的本土化转写。